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تحلیل جامعه‌شناختی رابطه معنویت‌گرایی، تصور از خود و نوع پوشش | ||
| مطالعات اجتماعی روان شناختی زنان | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 22، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 78، فروردین 1403، صفحه 7-31 اصل مقاله (1.12 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22051/jwsps.2024.44322.2765 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| شاهرخ افتخاری1؛ حلیمه عنایت* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران. shahrokh.eftkhari@gmail.com | ||
| 2استاد جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران. (نویسنده مسئول) henayat@rose.shirazu.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پوشش و حدود آن در دورهای مختلف زمانی از متغیرهای گوناگونی در سطح خرد و کلان جامعه تأثیر می‌پذیرد؛ بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با نگاه جدید به مسئله نوع پوشش ورود نموده و تأثیر معنویت‌گرایی به‌عنوان متغیر اجتماعی-فرهنگی سطح کلان و تصور از خود به‌عنوان متغیر انسان‌شناختی سطح خرد را بر نوع پوشش دانشجویان دختر مورد بررسی قرار داده است. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از روش‌های کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی–پیمایشی و برای تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS26، PLS3 و Excel استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل 1001 نفر از دانشجوی دختر دانشگاه شیراز است که تعداد 277 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شد. نتایج پژوهش با توجه به آزمون اسپیرمن حاکی از آن است که بین معنویت‌گرایی و تصور از خود، و نیز بین تصور از خود و نوع پوشش رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. نتیجه آزمون t-valuo نشان داد معنویت‌گرایی بر تصور از خود در افراد تأثیر مستقیم دارد و طبق مقدار ضریب تعیین (r2) متغیر معنویت‌گرایی 230/0 درصد از متغیر تصور از خود و تصور از خود 125/0 درصد از متغیر نوع پوشش را شکل می‌دهد. با توجه به مقدار 496/0- ضریب مسیر و مقدار 456/5 t-valuo متغیر معنویت‌گرایی بر تصور از خود تأثیر دارد. همچنین تصور از خود بر نوع پوشش افراد با مقدار 379/0- ضریب مسیر و مقدار 245/3 t-valuo مؤثر است. از بین ابعاد متغیر معنویت‌گرایی، بُعد نیازهای معنوی و از بین ابعاد متغیر تصور از خود بُعد مهارت‌های اجتماعی دارای بیشترین اهمیت است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| معنویت؛ تصور از خود؛ نوع پوشش؛ دین؛ زن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Sociological Analysis of the Relationship between Spirituality, Self-Concept and Type of Clothing | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Shahrokh Eftekhari1؛ Halime Enayat2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student of Sociology, Shiraz University. Shiraz. Iran. Shahrokh.Eftkhari@Gmail.Com | ||
| 2Professor of Sociology Department, Shiraz University. Shiraz. Iran. Henayat@Rose.Shirazu.Ac.Ir. (Corresponding Author) | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In various contexts, the scope and boundaries of coverage are influenced by multiple factors at both micro and macro levels of society. Therefore, this study adopts a novel approach to examining the type of coverage for female students, focusing on the impact of two variables: spirituality as a cultural-social variable at the macro level and self-perception as a human cognitive variable at the micro level. The study employs a combination of library research and field surveys, utilizing software such as SPSS, PLS 3, and Excel. The study population consists of 1001 female students, with a sample size of 277. The findings reveal a significant relationship between spirituality and self-perception, as well as between self-perception and type of coverage, as indicated by the Spearman test. The t-test value demonstrates that spirituality directly influences individuals' self-perception, with spirituality accounting for 0.230 of the variance in self-perception based on the coefficient of determination (r2). Similarly, self-perception explains 0.125 of the variance in type of coverage. With a path coefficient of -0.496 and a t-value of 5.456, spirituality significantly impacts self-perception. Likewise, self-perception significantly influences type of coverage, with a path coefficient of -0.379 and a t-value of 3.245. Among the dimensions of spirituality, spiritual needs emerge as the most influential, while among the dimensions of self-perception, social skills are identified as the most significant. Spirituality, Self-Concept, Type of Clothing, Religion, Woman Introduction The ongoing processes in Western and Eastern societies indicate growing concerns about physical appearance. Today, the issue of women's clothing and hijab is a prominent challenge and topic of discussion. There are various academic, political, and public debates surrounding women's clothing. Numerous cultural norms dictate women's public appearance in contemporary societies, with considerable diversity even within the United States. Although people from different cultures, regions, and civilizations follow different clothing styles, beliefs also influence these choices; therefore, the clothes we wear reflect our religious identity and the chastity associated with it. Culture is an area that requires scientific and precise research due to its extensive influence, the importance of its issues, and its real impact. One important aspect of culture is the identity and perception of self by individuals. Self-perception refers to an individual's ability to understand themselves and their needs; moreover, self-perception determines how individuals behave and make decisions. Research on the self-image and spirituality of female university students can further enhance our understanding of the mental and spiritual health of young women. Therefore, in this study, we focus on the role of spirituality in shaping self-image and how this self-image influences the type of clothing worn by women. Additionally, we contribute to the literature on self-perception. From Geertz's perspective, religion, like individuals, serves to uplift society, and collective consciousness is a prerequisite for it. Thus, the existence of religion depends on the existence of society. Geertz views religion as a blueprint of culture. Alongside common sense, art, empirical sciences, and ideology, religion constructs a cultural system. Peter Berger's theories on sociology and knowledge theory emphasize secularization in the modern world. There is a close relationship between Peter Berger's sociology of religion and his theories of knowledge. According to Berger's view, religion and knowledge are both influenced by context, text, environment, and language, as knowledge and reality are intertwined with social contexts. Methodology This research aims to test the following hypotheses: A) It seems that spirituality impacts the self-image of female university students in Shiraz. B) It seems that spirituality impacts the type of clothing worn by female university students in Shiraz through self-image. This study is a fundamental applied study with an emphasis on quantitative and cross-sectional methodology, aimed at advancing our understanding in the fields of spirituality, self-perception, and clothing. The study population consists of female students from the Faculty of Economics, Management, and Social Sciences at Shiraz University, and the sampling method is convenience sampling. Data collection utilized a survey method, measuring spirituality with the Parsian and Donning Spirituality Scale, self-image with the Beck questionnaire, and clothing type with the Asgarian Bigdeli questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using statistical software SPSS and PLS. Findings The results of the Spearman test (Table 2) indicate a significant relationship between spirituality and self-image, as well as between self-image and clothing type. The t-value test results (Table 2) demonstrate that spirituality has a direct effect on individuals' self-image. According to the coefficient of determination (r2) (Figure 2), spirituality accounts for 0.230 of the variance in the self-image variable, and based on this statistic, self-image explains 0.125 of the variance in the clothing type variable. Examination of Table 4 and Figure 3 reveals that spirituality influences self-image, as evidenced by the path coefficient value of -0.496 with a significant value of 0.005. Furthermore, statistical tests indicate that self-image impacts individuals' clothing type, with a path coefficient value of -0.379 and a significant value of 0.003. Result The results of this study are presented in the form of a theoretical framework and analysis based on the research's theoretical underpinning of spirituality and its various dimensions. These dimensions include self-awareness, the significance of spiritual beliefs in life, spiritual activities, and spiritual needs, all of which shape various aspects of individuals' self-concept. These aspects encompass mental abilities, job effectiveness, physical attractiveness, social skills, strengths, and weaknesses. The findings directly impact respondents' self-concept and indirectly influence individuals' self-perception through the mediation of the self-concept variable. In conclusion, it is suggested that when investigating the relationship between social and psychological variables in research, the role of mediating variables should be considered. When examining the role of religious and spiritual variables in individual characteristics, attention should be paid to economic and social changes. For studies on the variables of clothing and hijab, the role and impact of the variable of self-confidence should be taken into account. References AfsharKohan, J., Balali, E. & Soleimanpoor, M. (2011). The study of secularization and its factors on students (The University of Bu-Ali Sina). Journal of Applied Sociology, 22(1), 135-158. (In Persian) Arab, Z. (2022). When have dolce and gabbana ever cared about the hijab?, social media, fashion and Australian Muslim women’s perceptions and expression of Hijab. Religions, 13(11), 1115. Buchko, K. J. (2004). Religious beliefs and practices of college women as compared to college men. Journal of College Student Development, 45(1), 89-98. Buser, J. K. & McLaughlin, R. P. (2019). Narrative analysis of body dissatisfaction and spirituality. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 41(1), 36-50. Chaudhry, A. & Kruger, D. (2021). Why wear the hijab? social functions of traditional Islamic female coverings as understood by contemporary Muslim women. Evos Journal: The Journal of the Evolutionary Studies Consortium, 7(1), 162-180. Cherian, J., Kumari, P. & Sinha, S. P. (2021). Self-concept, emotional maturity and spirituality as predictors of academic resilience among undergraduate students. International Journal of Applied Research, 7(1), 07-11. Darvishpoor, A. & Amiri, M. (2021). Pathology of factors affecting the hijab of students: A qualitative-quantitative study (case study of female students at Lorestan University). Social Science Quarterly, 15(3), 120-107. (In Persian) Dashti, S., Moeini, B., Shahrabadi, R., Biranvandpour, N., Vejdani Aram, F., Faradmal, J. & Motaharipour, M .(2016). A study on the relationship between spiritual health and attitudes towards women’s dress code among female students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Religion and Health, 4(1), 21-28. (In Persian) Fayyaz, W., Ambreen, S. & Kamal, A. (2023). Hijab and social cultural factors among urban women of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 43(1), 69-79. Giordan, G. (2016). Spirituality: From A Religious Concept To A Sociological Theory. In A Sociology Of Spirituality (Pp. 161-180). Routledge. Givian, A. (2008). Clifford geertz and his look at religion and culture. Cultural Studies & Communication, 3(10), 1-28. (In Persian) Gorbanpoor Lafmejani, A., Karami, M., Rezaei, A. & Mohadethi, M. (2022). Investigating the anthropological perspective of girl students in choosing the type of hijab (Case Study: Students of Faculty of Literature and Humanities of Guilan University). Culture in Islamic University, 12(1), 87-128. (In Persian) Hamdah, B. (2017). Liberalism and the Impact on Religious Identity: Hijab Culture in the American Muslim Context (Doctoral dissertation, University of Toledo). Hamilton, M. (1943). Sociology of Religion. Translated by Mohsen Talasi. Third Publications. (In Persian) Hapsari, H. I., Huang, M. C. & Kanita, M. W. (2023). Evaluating self-concept measurements in adolescents: A systematic review. Children, 10(2), 399. Hayman, J. W., Kurpius, S. R., Befort, C., Nicpon, M. F., Hull‐Blanks, E., Sollenberger, S. & Huser, L. (2007). Spirituality among college freshmen: Relationships to self‐esteem, body image, and stress. Counseling and Values, 52(1), 55-70. Islam, I. (2019). Redefining #YourAverageMuslim Woman: Muslim female digital activism on social media. Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research, 12(2), 213-233. Kalantari, A., Hemati Rad, F. & Momeni, H. (2019). A sociological study of university student dress: Objective and subjective factors. Journal of Woman and Family Studies, 7(1), 29-50. (In Persian) Karamipoor, A. K. (2009). Peter Berger and sociology of religion. Journal of Seven Heavens, 11(42), 143-162. (In Persian) Karmi Jafarlo, M. & Emami, M. (2021).The relationship between hijab and the spiritual position of Muslim women from the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith. Journal of Marfat, 30(280), 49-58. (In Persian) Kishori Cherami, M., Mohebi, J. & Ali Maddi, A. (2021). Investigating the status of women's clothing and hijab in society and the consequences of their unveiling. International Conference on Psychology, Educational Sciences, and Lifestyle. Tehran. (In Persian) Knoblauch, H. (2014). Popular Spirituality. In Present-Day Spiritualities (Pp. 81-102). Lorinda, R., Ismail, N. & Rahmatullah, A. S. (2023). Self-concept of adolescents in early marriage and divorce in bruno district, purworejo regency. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 3(1), 112-121. Marshall, J. & Olson, D. V. (2018). Is spiritual but not religious’a replacement for religion or just one step on the path between religion and non-religion?. Review Of Religious Research, 60(4), 503-518. McGaughey, M. (2018). The relationship between body image and lifestyle choices in college students. International Social Science Review, 94(2), 1-17. Molayi, J. & Yusufvand, S. (2014). Sociological study of factors affecting the orientation towards the veil (Case Study: Female Students of Payam Nour University in Abdanan). Quarterly Journal of Woman and Society, 5(19), 35-46. (In Persian) Murphy, C. (2009). Behind the veil: Why Islam’s most visible symbol is spreading. The Christian Science Monitor, 102(3), 13-19. Primaningtyas, W., Narendra, A. A. A. K. A. & Hastuti, H. (2019). Body image and religiosity in adolescents: a comparation between public and private high school students. Smart Medical Journal, 2(2), 98-103. Spencer, M. (2012). What is spirituality? A personal exploration. Retrieved March, 16, 2020. Syahridawaty, S. (2020). Fenomena fashion hijab dan niqab perspektif tafsir maqāsidi. Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin, 22(2), 135-150. Villalobos, J. M. R., Vega, H. B., Aguirre, S. I., Blanco, J. R., Leal, A. C. D., Pando, E. V. B. & Jurado, P. J. (2023). Physical self-concept in Mexican adolescent men and women. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 47, 610-614. Zhang, K. C. (2013). What I look like: College women, body image, and spirituality. Journal of Religion and Health, 52(4), 1240-1252. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| spirituality, self-concept, type of clothing, religion, woman | ||
| مراجع | ||
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افشارکهن، جواد.، بلالی، اسماعیل و سلیمان‌پور، محمدعلی. (1390). بررسی وضعیت عرفی شدن دانشجویان و برخی عوامل مؤثّر بر آن (در میان دانشجویان دختر و پسر دانشگاه بوعلی سینا). جامعه‌شناسی کاربردی، 22(1)، 158-135. درویش‌پور، عابدین و امیری، مهرداد. (1400). آسیب‌شناسی عوامل مؤثر بر حجاب دانشجویان؛ یک پژوهش کیفی- کمی (مطالعه موردی دانشجویان دختر دانشگاه لرستان). علوم اجتماعی، 15(3)، 120-107. دشتی، سعید.، معینی، بابک.، شهرآبادی، رضا.، بیرانوندپور، نوشین.، وجدانی آرام، فاطمه.، فردمال، جواد و مطهری‌پور، مرتضی. (1395). بررسی رابطه سلامت معنوی با نگرش دانشجویان دختر دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان در مورد حجاب. دین و سلامت، 4(1)، 28-21. قربان‌پور لفمجانی، امیر.، کرمی، مرتضی.، رضایی، آمنه و محدثی، معصومه. (1401). بررسی نقش دیدگاه انسان‌شناختی دانشجویان دختر در انتخاب نوع حجاب (مطالعۀ موردی: دانشجویان دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه گیلان). فرهنگ در دانشگاه اسلامی، 12(1)، 128-87. کرمی‌پور، الله کرم. (1388). پیتر برگر و جامعه‌شناسی دین. هفت آسمان، 11(42)، 162-143. کرمی جعفرلو، ملیحه و امامی، مرتضی. (1400). رابطه حجاب با جایگاه معنوی زنان مسلمان از دیدگاه قرآن و حدیث. معرفت، 30(280)، 58-49. کشوری چرمی، مصطفی.، محبی، جلیل و علی مددی، عبدالحسین. (1400). بررسی وضعیت پوشش و حجاب زنان در جامعه و پیامدهای بی‌حجابی آنان. کنفرانس بین‌المللی روان‌شناسی، علوم تربیتی و سبک زندگی. تهران: 29 شهریورماه 1400. کلانتری، عبدالحسین.، همتی راد، فرزانه و مؤمنی، حسن. (1398). مطالعه جامعه‌شناختی پوشش دانشجویان: عوامل عینی و ذهنی. مطالعات زن و خانواده، 7(1)، 50-29. گیویان، عبدالله. (1386). کلیفورد گیرتز و دﻳﺪﮔﺎه تقسیری او در ﺑﺎب دﻳﻦ و فرهنگ. مطالعات فرهنگی و ارتباطات، 3(10)، 28-1. مولایی، جابر و یوسفوند، شهلا. (1393). بررسی جامعه‌شناختی عوامل مؤثر بر گرایش به حجاب (مطالعه موردی: دانشجویان دختر دانشگاه پیام نور شهر آبدانان. زن و جامعه، 5(3)، 46-35. همیلتون، ملکم. (1402). جامعه‌شناسی دین. ترجمه محسن ثلاثی. انتشارات ثالث، چاپ یازدهم. AfsharKohan, J., Balali, E. & Soleimanpoor, M. (2011). The study of secularization and its factors on students (The University of Bu-Ali Sina). Journal of Applied Sociology, 22(1), 135-158. (In Persian) Arab, Z. (2022). When have dolce and gabbana ever cared about the hijab?, social media, fashion and Australian Muslim women’s perceptions and expression of Hijab. Religions, 13(11), 1115. Buchko, K. J. (2004). Religious beliefs and practices of college women as compared to college men. Journal of College Student Development, 45(1), 89-98. Buser, J. K. & McLaughlin, R. P. (2019). Narrative analysis of body dissatisfaction and spirituality. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 41(1), 36-50. Chaudhry, A. & Kruger, D. (2021). Why wear the hijab? social functions of traditional Islamic female coverings as understood by contemporary Muslim women. Evos Journal: The Journal of the Evolutionary Studies Consortium, 7(1), 162-180. Cherian, J., Kumari, P. & Sinha, S. P. (2021). Self-concept, emotional maturity and spirituality as predictors of academic resilience among undergraduate students. International Journal of Applied Research, 7(1), 07-11. Darvishpoor, A. & Amiri, M. (2021). Pathology of factors affecting the hijab of students: A qualitative-quantitative study (case study of female students at Lorestan University). Social Science Quarterly, 15(3), 120-107. (In Persian) Dashti, S., Moeini, B., Shahrabadi, R., Biranvandpour, N., Vejdani Aram, F., Faradmal, J. & Motaharipour, M .(2016). A study on the relationship between spiritual health and attitudes towards women’s dress code among female students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Religion and Health, 4(1), 21-28. (In Persian) Fayyaz, W., Ambreen, S. & Kamal, A. (2023). Hijab and social cultural factors among urban women of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 43(1), 69-79. Giordan, G. (2016). Spirituality: From A Religious Concept To A Sociological Theory. In A Sociology Of Spirituality (Pp. 161-180). Routledge. Givian, A. (2008). Clifford geertz and his look at religion and culture. Cultural Studies & Communication, 3(10), 1-28. (In Persian) Gorbanpoor Lafmejani, A., Karami, M., Rezaei, A. & Mohadethi, M. (2022). Investigating the anthropological perspective of girl students in choosing the type of hijab (Case Study: Students of Faculty of Literature and Humanities of Guilan University). Culture in Islamic University, 12(1), 87-128. (In Persian) Hamdah, B. (2017). Liberalism and the Impact on Religious Identity: Hijab Culture in the American Muslim Context (Doctoral dissertation, University of Toledo). Hamilton, M. (1943). Sociology of Religion. Translated by Mohsen Talasi. Third Publications. (In Persian) Hapsari, H. I., Huang, M. C. & Kanita, M. W. (2023). Evaluating self-concept measurements in adolescents: A systematic review. Children, 10(2), 399. Hayman, J. W., Kurpius, S. R., Befort, C., Nicpon, M. F., Hull‐Blanks, E., Sollenberger, S. & Huser, L. (2007). Spirituality among college freshmen: Relationships to self‐esteem, body image, and stress. Counseling and Values, 52(1), 55-70. Islam, I. (2019). Redefining #YourAverageMuslim Woman: Muslim female digital activism on social media. Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research, 12(2), 213-233. Kalantari, A., Hemati Rad, F. & Momeni, H. (2019). A sociological study of university student dress: Objective and subjective factors. Journal of Woman and Family Studies, 7(1), 29-50. (In Persian) Karamipoor, A. K. (2009). Peter Berger and sociology of religion. Journal of Seven Heavens, 11(42), 143-162. (In Persian) Karmi Jafarlo, M. & Emami, M. (2021).The relationship between hijab and the spiritual position of Muslim women from the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith. Journal of Marfat, 30(280), 49-58. (In Persian) Kishori Cherami, M., Mohebi, J. & Ali Maddi, A. (2021). Investigating the status of women's clothing and hijab in society and the consequences of their unveiling. International Conference on Psychology, Educational Sciences, and Lifestyle. Tehran. (In Persian) Knoblauch, H. (2014). Popular Spirituality. In Present-Day Spiritualities (Pp. 81-102). Lorinda, R., Ismail, N. & Rahmatullah, A. S. (2023). Self-concept of adolescents in early marriage and divorce in bruno district, purworejo regency. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 3(1), 112-121. Marshall, J. & Olson, D. V. (2018). Is spiritual but not religious’a replacement for religion or just one step on the path between religion and non-religion?. Review Of Religious Research, 60(4), 503-518. McGaughey, M. (2018). The relationship between body image and lifestyle choices in college students. International Social Science Review, 94(2), 1-17. Molayi, J. & Yusufvand, S. (2014). Sociological study of factors affecting the orientation towards the veil (Case Study: Female Students of Payam Nour University in Abdanan). Quarterly Journal of Woman and Society, 5(19), 35-46. (In Persian) Murphy, C. (2009). Behind the veil: Why Islam’s most visible symbol is spreading. The Christian Science Monitor, 102(3), 13-19. Primaningtyas, W., Narendra, A. A. A. K. A. & Hastuti, H. (2019). Body image and religiosity in adolescents: a comparation between public and private high school students. Smart Medical Journal, 2(2), 98-103. Spencer, M. (2012). What is spirituality? A personal exploration. Retrieved March, 16, 2020. Syahridawaty, S. (2020). Fenomena fashion hijab dan niqab perspektif tafsir maqāsidi. Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin, 22(2), 135-150. Villalobos, J. M. R., Vega, H. B., Aguirre, S. I., Blanco, J. R., Leal, A. C. D., Pando, E. V. B. & Jurado, P. J. (2023). Physical self-concept in Mexican adolescent men and women. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 47, 610-614. Zhang, K. C. (2013). What I look like: College women, body image, and spirituality. Journal of Religion and Health, 52(4), 1240-1252 | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 335 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 188 |
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