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سیمای یک مربی: دکترعلی شریعتمداری | ||
| اندیشه های نوین تربیتی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 17، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 62، دی 1400، صفحه 83-123 اصل مقاله (987.16 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مروری | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22051/jontoe.2021.23214.2445 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| علی ذکاوتی* | ||
| دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این مقاله درباره زندگی نامه، تحصیلات، آثار، فعالیت های حرفه ای و اجتماعی دکتر علی شریعتمداری، استاد فلسفه تعلیم و تربیت است .روش:برای بررسی زندگی و آثار دکتر شریعتمداری از توصیف غلیظ، تحلیل و معناشناسی همدلانه استفاده شده است. برای بررسی افکار، زندگی و کارنامه تربیت و مربیان مستلزم دو نوع شناخت (هرمنوتیک مضاعف) لازم است: اول روش شناسی شناخت آثار وعمل آنان درباره مورد انسان جامعه و تربیت و نهادعلم. و دوم شناخت دانش گروه های مختلف اجتماعی از جمله مربیان. و سیاست گذاران در درهمین موضوع.یافته ها:زندگی این استاد مصادف با تحولات اجتماعی، فرهنگی، سیاسی و علمی ـ فلسفی ایران و جهان است. وی متناسب با آن تحولات توصیه کرد که مربی با «روحیه فلسفی» و «تفکر انتقادی/سالم» به وحدت شخصیت و هماهنگی عمل و اعتقاد به زندگی و تربیت نایل می آید. وی ضمن آرمان گرایی و روشنگری به تعلیم و تربیت و عدالت اجتماعی مبتنی بر عناصر فرهنگ بومی از نوآوری علمی و توجه به علم جهان استقبال می کرد.بحث و نتیجه گیری دکتر شریعتمداری را می توان مربی پرتلاش دانست. هرمنوتیک مضاعف، شناخت ماهیت شناخت (اعتبار نظری علم تربیتی) و «شناخت شناخت اجتماعی» (ادراک مردم و ذینفعان ازنهاد تربیت و نهاد علم) است و دانش از جمله دانش تربیت با ادامه به اشتراک گذاری و نقد آن از انسداد رهایی می یابد. بنابراین نسل های جدید برای ادامه «پروژه های ناتمام» او تلاش کنند زیرا مربیان واقعی پنجره و آغاز هستند. نه تمام راه، نه تنها راه، ونه تنها خوانش. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تربیت؛ روح فلسفی؛ نهاد علم؛ هرمنوتیک؛ انقلاب فرهنگی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Profile of an educational professor: Ali Shariatmadari | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| ali zekavati | ||
| Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Abstract The article is about the life, studying, works, professional and social activities of Dr. Ali Shariatmadari, a professor of philosophy of education. Thick description, analysis, ethnosemantic and empathetic reflection were used to study the life and works of Dr. Ali Shariatmadari. His life and education coincide with significant social, cultural, political, and scientific-philosophical transformations in Iran and in the world. He was sensitive and optimistic about intellectual development and tried to persuade and realize the "philosophical spirit" and "critical/sound thought", unity of personality and coordination of action and opinion in one's life. He believed in education, teaching, and social justice based on the elements of indigenized culture, while idealizing and enlightening, enthusiastically welcoming scientific innovation, and paying attention to world science. Dr. Ali Shariatmadari should be regarded a hard-working educator and competent mentor. New generations consider him an "unfinished project" that wants to be a window, a beginning and not all the way, not the only way, not just the only reading of indigenized perspective. Introduction: This article is about the life, education, works and professional and social activities of Dr. Ali Shariatmadari, a professor in the field of philosophy of education. Thick description, analysis as well as empathetic and accompanying reflection on “educational experience” in a broad sense, deal with the triad reciprocal determination (behavior, personality and ecology). The ecology of the humanities and contemporary Iranian philosophy have different branches: rational orientation, essentialism, justificationism and foundationalism. Justificationism is contextualized in the rationality of the legacy of Iranian and Islamic civilization, and the philosophical foundations of European empiricism (continental and non-continental), as well as Dewey and post Dewey (neo-pragmatism). The critical question is how all of these human and world heritages within education, science, and philosophy fit into the broader concept of "experience." Education is related to the quality, quantity, stability, nature of crisis and disaster, and real needs on the one hand, and the ability to act on the other, with the goals, methods, and process of educational experience, which is trans-institutional. Therefore, democracy/social cognition as well as cognition of social cognition and the level of activism are raised. (Kordloo and Ghaedi, 2014, p. 58). Shabani, while taking a paradigmatic position, has introduced the theory of transcendental realism as a suitable alternative to support scientific research in the field of education (2007). Khosrow Bagheri states the early Dewey, who is a sharp and serious scientist, continues to prefer the Hegelian dialectic of experience and the ideal of freedom (excluding unnecessary arrays and systemic tasks) over the Platonic dialectic. The pragmatists seek to overcome the obstructions and bottlenecks of pragmatism (Bagheri, 2014, p. 27). It can be interpreted as a combined methodology (Saei, 2013: 57). Methodology: Examining the thoughts, life and record of education and coach requires two types of double cognition (doubled hermeneutics): first, the methodology of Dr. Shariatmadari's knowledge and scientific works about education, and second, cognition of the knowledge of the ecology, society and the social and political system in relation to the subject of education. It is well known that questioning is the virtue of thought. The period of his life and education coincides with a change in the spirit of the time (Genius Saeculi/Zeitgeist, Genius loci) and significant social, cultural, political, scientific-philosophical and educational transformations in Iran and the world. A wide field of philosophical critical thinking deals with education, confrontational, artistic, dialectical narratives of thought and divergent narratives to solve problems with ambiguities or common conflicts and contrasts. Critical thinking and philosophical spirit de-improvise the common improvised concepts and reveal the importance of education, "other", others, interaction, culture, language, community and institution to the person and the organization and its limitations. Critical thinking discloses the dangers of self-centered individualism/vertical individualism and raises the possibility of transcendence to horizontal individualism/social understanding and to smooth the synergistic growth of the individuality and the collectivity. It is through education that one gives identity to oneself and the world. Findings: Ali Shariatmadari was born in 1923 in a religious family. He completed his primary and secondary education in Shiraz. From 1942 to1949, he was a school teacher (Goodarzi, 2008). "After the Islamic Revolution, Ali Shariatmadari was appointed to the Ministry of Higher Education in the interim government of Mehdi Bazargan. Along with Mustafa Moin, Ahmad Ahmadi and Abdulkarim Soroush, Shariatmadari tried to Islamize the universities (Wikipedia). He was sensitive and optimistic about intellectual aspects of the transformations, and advocated the pursuit and realization of the "philosophical spirit", rational reflection, sound thought, unity of character, and harmony of action and opinion within and in the environment. The focus of the study of Dr. Ali Shariatmadari's works can be considered as the main issues of education, socialization, philosophical spirit, problem-solving method and rational method. Dr. Shariatmadari considered teachers as "custodians of education" (Shariatmadari, Zekavati, a.2013). Real education could be trans-institutional, related to life, quality, quantity, stability, nature of approach of anthropology, suffering, paining, crisis, disaster, real needs, goals, styles, process of experience and the ability to act. He organized and promoted some of the disciplines of education and was eager for the instructing method and process to be used for both effectives. Discussion and conclusion Double hermeneutic is the recognition of the nature of cognition (theoretical validity of educational science) and "cognition of social cognition" (perception of people and stakeholders of education). The failure of these two cognitions leads to disruption of individual, collective, organizational, social action and crises. Zekavati suggested that conditions be provided for scientific actors to enter the field of action directly (Zekavati, b 2012, pp. 215-214). Social cognition prevails over the spirit of time, the spirit of place, the preconditions of society, patterns of civilization, education, patterns of assumptions, social control, and more specifically possibilities and limitations. Cognition of social cognition contains the objective, tangible aspect, the arrangement of social forces, ranks, stakeholder groups, social stratification and satisfaction with justice for the distribution of possibilities and common understanding of language, its truly, symbolic, virtual and interpretive meaning. Mahmoud Mehr Mohammadi quotes Shariatmadari that the reform of education should be the priority of the government. According to Edgar Morin: "The essence of complexity is to step into complexity so it leads you forward" (translated by Nickpey, 2014). Avoiding reductionism, distortion, cognitive errors and possible misunderstandings requires a constant, relentless effort from educators to formulate the dynamics of vitality of life and thoughts, in the words of philosophers: "always on the way/ peregrination". Dr. Ali Shariatmadari should be considered as a hard-working educator and at the same time an unfinished project. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Iran, Ali Shariatmadari, Biography, Education, Philosophical spirit, Science institution, Hermeneutic of cultural revolution, indigenization, problem solving | ||
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| مراجع | ||
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Bagheri, Khosrow (2014). Dewey and Neo-Pragmatism, Book of Society and Education Conference, Kharazmi University (Text in Persian). Dehghani Firoozabadi, Jalal (2010), How and what is the Islamic theory of international relations, Journal of Political Science, 5 (2), 18 consecutives (Text in Persian). Dewey, John, Logic (1990) Research Theory, Translated by Ali Shariatmadari, University of Tehran,. Goodarzi, A.M (1999). Politics and Wisdom: Historical and Political Memoirs of Dr. Ali Shariatmadari, Tehran, Rasa Cultural Services, (Text in Persian). Mehr Kordloo, M., Ghaedi, Y., (2014). Study of Democracy and its Relationship with Education Based on Ali Shariatmadari's Thoughts, p.58. Conference and Society Conference Book, Kharazmi University. (Text in Persian). Mehr Mohammadi, M., (2014). Professor Shariatmadari, a real educator, Conference Book of Society and Education, Kharazmi University, pp. 40 and 41. (Text in Persian). Morin, Edgar, Ethics (2014), Translated by Amir Nikpei, Contemporary View. (Text in French).. Saei, A. (2013), Comparative research method with historical and fuzzy quantitative analysis approach, Agha Publications. (Text in Persian). Shariatmadari, A., (2016) Principles and Philosophy of Education, Tehran: Amirkabir Publications, (Text in Persian). Shabani Varki, B (2007), Transcendental Realism and False Duality in Educational Research, Journal of Educational Innovations, No. 20, Volume 6. (Text in Persian). Shariatmadari, A, (2003). Fostering Thought, Tehran: Andisheh Metacognitive Publications, (Text in Persian, collected works). Shariatmadari, A (2010), Islamic Education. Amirkabir Publications (Text in Persian), collected works. Shariatmadari, A, (2005). The position of humanities in science production, Tehran, Islamic Azad University Press, (Text in Persian, collected works). Shariatmadari, A, (1998). Philosophy of Philosophical Issues, Philosophical Schools, Fundamentals of Science, compiled by Dr. Ali Shariatmadari, Islamic Publishing and Culture Office - Tehran. (Text in Persian, collected works). Zekavati, A, (2013). a Notes of conversations and meetings (Text in Persian). Zekavati, A, (2012). Scientific and Research Activists to the Field and Domain of Implementation through Scientific Associations in: Worthy Instructor: Prof. Dr. Ali Shariatmadari, Writers' Group by Mohammad Hossein Saket, Book House. (Text in Persian). Wikipedia. https://www.wikipedia.org | ||
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