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قابلیت‌های نقوش اسلامی در گرافیک شهرهای اسلامی در دوران معاصر | ||
| پژوهش نامه گرافیک نقاشی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 3، شماره 4، مرداد 1399، صفحه 110-121 اصل مقاله (752.15 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22051/pgr.2020.32837.1080 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| حسن طالبی* | ||
| مربی گروه ارتباط تصویری، دانشکده دخترانه سبزوار، دانشگاه فنی حرفه ای، سبزوار، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| نقوش اسلامی، مجموعه‌ای از نقش‌ها و عناصر تصویری هستند که به‌تدریج، شکل طبیعت‌گرایی خود را از دست داده و به شکل مجرد تداوم یافته‌اند و به مرور زمان بر تنوع، ظرافت و پیچیدگی‌های آن‌ها افزوده شده است. از اساسی‌ترین اصول این نقوش، انتزاع، تجرد و تکرار موزون کامل سطوح است. ظرفیت و کارکرد فرهنگی و دینی این نقوش به‌صورتی است که، به‌‌راحتی، بعد از قرن‌ها در حوزه‌های مختلف قابلیت استفاده را داشته باشند. این نقوش با تکیه بر غنای تحسین‌‌برانگیز در فرم و معنا در عرصه‌های مختلف توانسته حامل ارزش‌های والای معنوی برای مخاطبان باشد. بی‌شک، به‌کارگیری عناصری که دارای معیارهای زیباشناسانه و باهویت هستند، در زیباسازی، مبلمان شهری، شهروندان را به حفظ هویت و دین سوق می‌دهد. در دوران معاصر یکی از هنرهایی که توانسته تاثیر به‌سزایی در ارتقای فرهنگ بصری و فکری شهروندان بگذارد، گرافیک محیطی است. این پژوهش، به مطالعه قابلیت‌های نقوش اسلامی می‌پردازد؛ تا به این پرسش‌ها پاسخ دهد: نقوش اسلامی دارای چه قابلیت‌های بصری و مفهومی می‌باشند؟ و گرافیک شهری به چه صورت از نقوش تزیینی اسلامی بهره می‌برد؟ این پژوهش سعی دارد، تا قابلیت‌های نقوش اسلامی و تاثیر آن در گرافیک شهرهای اسلامی دوران معاصر را مورد کنکاش قرار دهد. روش تحقیق توصیفی، تحلیلی است و جمع‌آوری مطالب و اطلاعات به صورت کتابخانه‌ای می‌باشد. بر اساس بررسی‌های انجـام شده، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده حاکی از آن است که، با توجه به کیفیت بصری و مفاهیم نهفته در نقوش اسلامی، استفاده و بهره‌گیری از این نقوش در زیباسازی محیط شهری و گرافیک شهرهای اسلامی می‌تواند به انتقال اندیشه اسلامی و هویت بصری اسلامی بیانجامد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| واژه‌های کلیدی: گرافیک شهری؛ نقوش اسلامی؛ هویت بصری؛ گرافیک محیطی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Capabilities of Islamic Motifs in the Graphics of Islamic Cities in the Contemporary Era | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Talebi | ||
| Instructor at Visual Communication Department, Sabzevar Girls' Faculty, Vocational Technical University, Sabzevar, Iran. talebih40@yahoo.com | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
Islamic motifs are a set of motifs and pictorial elements that have gradually lost their naturalism form and have continued in an abstract form. Islamic motifs have different types of plants, geometric, writing, etc. that have roots in pre-Islamic historical periods and with the transmutation that has taken place in these designs, its variety, elegance and complexity have increased over time. One of the most basic principles of these designs is abstraction, abstraction and perfect rhythmic repetition of surfaces. Relying on the admirable richness in form and meaning in various fields, these designs have been able to carry awesome spiritual values for the audience. Undoubtedly, the use of elements that have aesthetic and identity criteria in beautification, urban furniture, push citizens to preserve their identity and religion. One of the problems that modern societies are suffered from is the separation of man from the spiritual foundations and the focus on the material aspects of life. modern cities are aliens with environments and spaces that have induction a spirituality message and meaning. Cities lack of spiritual and believable values, as well as indigenous and local features and characteristics, and the lack of criteria based on theoretical foundations derived from Islamic-Iranian culture have predominated in all their elements and components. Also, Islamic cities whose physical appearance is reminiscent of the Islamic identity of their inhabitants, as a symbol of Islamic thought and thought should be a representation of religious symbols, because Muslims live in a city, it cannot be considered an Islamic city. Rather, an Islamic city is a place where its appearance and body show that it is Islamic. In a better interpretation, its architecture and design and decoration should be interpreted as the habitat of Muslims based on the characteristics and symbols of Islam. In the contemporary era, one of the arts that has been able to have a great influence on upgrading the visual and intellectual culture of citizens is environmental graphics. Environmental graphics as a medium and effective visual factor in urban environments with high potential in facilitating communication and creating a visual identity is one of the influential components of urban arts. Environmental graphics are very effective in identifying urban environments readable and are assured tool for urban design. Images of the role on the wall are effective and the view of the urban area in making the urban environment meaningful; The city is a great means of mass communication that people read about its appearance and landscape; in addition to informing, environmental graphics, should provide visual enhancement and beautification qualities of urban area. The capacity, cultural and religious function of these motifs is such that they can be easily used in different fields after centuries. Undoubtedly, the use of these elements in urban beautification propels citizens to preserve their religious personality. On the contrary, the use of elements derived from non-indigenous cultures brings nothing but confusion and anonymity and it quickly empty society of cultural originality. In the contemporary era, one of the arts that has been able to have an important impact on raising the intuitive and intellectual culture of citizens is environmental graphics. Environmental graphics as a media and one of the effective visual factors has great potential in facilitating communication and creating a visual identity that influences urban art. This study surveys the capabilities of Islamic motifs, to answer these questions. What intuitive and conceptual capabilities do Islamic motifs have? How are Islamic motifs used in urban graphics? In this research, an attempt is made to study the capability of Islamic motifs and its effect on the graphics of contemporary Islamic cities. The research method is applied, descriptive and analytical. Collection of data in the form of a library and case studies is through internet image search. Based on the studies conducted, the results indicate that Islamic motifs have a high intuitive and conceptual capability. Due to the intuitive quality and concepts latent in Islamic motifs, their use in beautification and graphics of Islamic cities leads to the transfer of its identity. Islamic motifs as one of the components of Islamic art in the field of transfer meaning to society and its relationship with important fields of art such as environmental graphics show that these motifs can play a role in recreating and representing the values of Islamic culture. The use of Islamic designs, decorative elements and other symbols that represent Islamic identity have the ability to transfer Islamic identity and values to the viewer by the standards of modern art in the perception of the urban environment as a symbol of the Islamic city and religion, and create attachment between citizens and urban environment. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Keywords: urban graphics, Islamic motifs, visual identity, environmental graphic | ||
| مراجع | ||
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- Asiaee, M. (2010). Urban Squares, Tehran: Tahan (Text in Persian). - Ayazi, A. (2001) Explaining Islamic Thought about the City and Urbanization with Emphasis on Religious Text, Proceedings of the Islamic Utopia Conference, Isfahan, Isfahan University Press, 103-121 (Text in Persian). - Halimi, M. (2000). Principles and Foundations of Visual Arts, Tehran: Ehya Ketab (Text in Persian). - Razavi, J. (2001). Principles of Design in the Structure of Calligraphy, Mashhad: Aein Tarbiat (Text in Persian). - Falahat, S. (2011). On the Concept Area of the Islamic City, Shahre Irani Eslami, 3, 35-44 (Text in Persian). -Grutter, J. K. (2011). Aesthetics in Architecture, Translated by Jahanshah Pakzad and Abdolreza Homayoun, (7th ed.). Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press (Text in Persian). -Morvati, S. & Dadarabi, F (2014). Analysis of the Islamic City Evaluation Model with the Approach of the Holy Quran, Olume Bashari, 3(2), 53-76 (Text in Persian). - Naghizadeh, M. (2016). Design of City and Urban Spaces, Tehran, Khorshid Baran (Text in Persian). -Naghizadeh, M. (2010) A Reflection on What is an Islamic City, Motaleate Shahrhaye Irani-Eslami, 1, 1-14 (Text in Persian).
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