Related Links
News
Statistics
| Number of Journals | 25 |
| Number of Issues | 918 |
| Number of Articles | 7,565 |
| Article View | 12,275,710 |
| PDF Download | 8,681,655 |
Comparison of Hermann Hesse and Shams Tabrizi with a Focus on Knulp and Maqalat | ||
| ادبیات عرفانی | ||
| Article 6, Volume 11, Issue 21, December 2019, Pages 145-175 PDF (632.09 K) | ||
| Document Type: Scientific-research | ||
| DOI: 10.22051/jml.2020.31102.1941 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Amir Tabatabaei1; Ghodratollah Khayatian* 2 | ||
| 1PhD student of Sufism and Islamic Mysticism, Faculty of Human Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Theology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Hermann Hesse (1877-1962 AD) was a German author and mystic. He became acquainted with the teachings of Christian theology from an early age and then showed an inclination towards Eastern mystical schools in his youth. The events in his life and his mystical studies created a special style for him, which could be seen in the story of Knulp < /em>; a modern story that deals with the mystic personality of a character called Knulp. By way of comparison, Shams Tabrizi (582-645 AH) was an Iranian mystic whose stories have been narrated in Shams' Maqalat (Conversations). Analogies could be drawn between the mystical image of the character of Knulp in the story of Knulp < /em> and Shams Tabrizi in Maqalat. Applying a descriptive-comparative method, in this article, we first provide a brief introduction to Hesse and describe the place of mysticism in his thoughts and works. We then examine Knulp < /em> in terms of its form and content, and explain the mystical characteristics of the leading character at different stages of his life. In the following, we give a brief description of Shams' life to present his mystical features. In the final part, comparisons are made between the two works, Knulp < /em> and Shams Maqalat, and the similarities between the two characters of Knulp and Shams Tabrizi will be described. Among these similarities, we can refer to the narratives of both works which depict the personality traits of Knulp and Shams, such as spiritual loneliness and humor. The main difference, however, is that Knulp < /em> is a literary work, but Maqalat is an intuitive one. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Knulp story; Shams; mysticism; Shams Maqalat; Hesse | ||
| References | ||
|
References The Holy Qur’an. (2004). (H. Ansari, Trans.). Osveh.
Aflaki, Sh. (1983). Manaqib al-arifin [The feats of the knowers of God](Vol.2) (T. Baziji, Ed.). Donya-e Ketab. Chittick, W. (2007). Me and Rumi (Sh. Abbasi, Trans.). Morvarid. Chittik, W. (2012). The truth of Shams Tabrizi (M. Naqd Bineshi, Trans.). Haft Aseman Magazine, 14 (56 -57), 199-210. Eugene, L. S. (1988). Hermann Hesse's fictions of the self: Autobiography and the confessional imagination. Princeton University Press. Fotouhi Rud Ma’jani, M. (2006). Belaghate tasvir [Image rhetoric]. Sokhan. Glenn, J. (1985). Hermann Hesse's short fiction…a critical commentary. Monarch Press. Heidari, A., & Mirzaei Moghadam, M. (2015). A balanced combination of the elements of melody, meaning and language in Shams essays. Journal of Research in Persian Language and Literature, 16 (30), 134-163. Hesse, H. (1971). Knulp: Three tales from the life of Knulp (R. Manheim, Trans.). Farrar Straus and Giroux. Hesse, H. (1972), Autobiographical writings (D. Lindley, Trans.). Farrar Straus and Giroux. Hesse, H. (2001). The glass bead game (A. Sharifian, Trans.). Asatir. Hesse, H. (2008). Strange news from another star (3rd ed.). (M. Baghaei Makan, Trans.). Tehran Press. Hesse, H. (2008.). The story of my friend Knulp (S. Habibi, Trans.). Qoqnoos. Hesse, H. (2009). The journey to the east (S. Habibi, Trans.). Jami. Hesse, H. (2009). Wandering in the fog (R. Najafi, Trans.). Hermes. Hesse, H. (2010). The prodigy (M. Baghaei Makan, Trans.). Tehran Press. Hesse, H. (2017). Hymn to old age (4th ed.) (P. Rezaei, Trans.). Morvarid. Kalabadi, A. M. (1992). Matn va tarjome ketabe Taarof [Text and translation of Taarof book] (M. Shariat, Trans.). Asatir. Kashani, A. (2005). Istilahat al-sufiya [Sufism terminology]. Dar al-Kitab al-Ulamiya. Mir Sadeghi, J. (2015). Anasore dastan [Elements of story] (9th ed.). Sokhan. Moshtagh Mehr, R. (2000). Real Shams or symbolic meaning of Shams Tabrizi in Rumi's lyrics. Nama-i farhangistan (Writings of the academy), 3 (16), 33-41. Najafi, R. (2000). Mystical and religious elements in the book of Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse. Quarterly Journal of the Book of the Month of Religion, 3 (30-31), 35-38. Nasafi, A. M. (2012). Kashfo al-haghayegh [Discovery of truths] (S. A. Mir Bagherifard, Ed.). Sokhan. Nasr Esfahani, M. (2007). Meditation on Hesse’s thoughts and works and analyzing the story of Augustus. Mysticism Studies, 6 (1), 131-164. Otto, R. (2018). Mysticism east and west: A comparative analysis of the nature of mysticism (M. Malekian, Ed.) (I. Rahmati, Trans.). Soofia Press. Rimmon-Kenan, Sh. (1989). Narrative fiction: Contemporary poetics. Routledge. Roney, K. S. (1999). Hesse's demian as a Christian morality play. HHP Journal, 2(6), 1-44. Salami, M., & Mesgarzadeh, L. (2008). Theme of love in Demian and Hesse’s Siddhartha from romantic ad psychoanalytical perspective. Journal of Human Sciences, (58),165-164. Scholes, R. (2014). Elements of story (5th ed.). (F. Taheri, Trans.). Markaz. Shimmel, A. (1996). Grandeur of Shams: A journey to the works and thoughts of Mowlana Jalaluddin Rumi (H. Lahouti, Trans.). Scientific and Cultural Press. Stace, W. T. (2009). Mysticism and philosophy (9th ed.). (B. Khorramshahi, Trans.). Soroush. Tabrizi, Sh. (1996). Gozideh maghalate Shams Tabrizi [Selection of Shams Tabrizi's articles] (M. A. Movahed, Ed.). Publishers and Booksellers Cooperative Company. Tabrizi, Sh. (2010). Ghase ghaseha [Stories of stories: The oldest narrative of the story of Shams and Rumi] (M. A. Movahed, Ed.). Karnameh. Tabrizi, Sh. (2012). Maghalate Shams Tabrizi [Articles of Shams Tabrizi] (4th ed.) (M. A. Movahed, Ed.). Kharazmi. Zarrinkoob, A. (2017). Jostejoo dar tasavofe Iran [Search in Iranian Sufism]. Amir Kabir. Ziolkowski, T. (2004). Hermann Hesse (R. Rezvani, Trans.). Mahi. Ziolkowski, T.(Ed.). (1972). Autobiographical writings (D. Lindley, Trans.). Farrar Straus and Giroux.
| ||
|
Statistics Article View: 745 PDF Download: 305 |
||