Number of Journals | 25 |
Number of Issues | 918 |
Number of Articles | 7,565 |
Article View | 12,275,710 |
PDF Download | 8,681,655 |
Divan-e Mohasebat and the Problem of Paying Salaries in the Qajar Period (1909-1911) | ||
تاریخ اسلام و ایران | ||
Article 6, Volume 29, Issue 44 - Serial Number 134, March 2020, Pages 117-144 PDF (879.13 K) | ||
Document Type: Scientific-Research | ||
DOI: 10.22051/hii.2020.26698.2031 | ||
Authors | ||
Amin Mohammadi* 1; Alireza Molaie Tavani2; Seyed Mohamad Rahim Rabbanizadeh3 | ||
1Ph.D. Student of Iranian History after the Islamic Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies | ||
2Associate Professor, Research Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies | ||
3Assistant Professor / Institute for Human Sciences and Cultural Studies | ||
Abstract | ||
Paying salaries of civil and military officials was one of the main challenges of the Qajar government. The increasing number of payrolls, delays in payments, or salaries without financial credentials has made the problem a major challenge. Traditional methods and recruiting foreign advisers could not solve this problem. After the Constitutional Revolution, the government and the parliament set up independent oversight mechanisms to resolve this problem to prevent the loss of income of the country and to speed up the payment of employees' salaries. In the same vein, Divan-e Mohasebat was formed to control finances, especially organizing in the turbulent situation of employees' salaries. The main issue in this research is the study of the cause and necessity of the establishment of Divan-e Mohasebat on the one hand and its performance in the way of dealing with the issue of paying the salaries of government employees on the other. Findings of this study indicate that there are many delays in the adoption of Divan-e Mohasebat law, high deficits in the internal regulation, the inability to summon officials and reckoning their account, the lack of expertise and experience among members, and the widespread scope of the issue of pay-as-you-go, resulting in inefficiency of Divan-e Mohasebat and, eventually, its dissolution. | ||
Keywords | ||
Divan-e Mohasebat; Taxation; Qajar Period; Constitutionalism; Historical Documents | ||
References | ||
List of sources with English handwriting Historical Documents National Library and Archives of I.R. Iran, (sākmā), Document ID: 240/000076; 240/034226; 240/045098; 240/046406; 240/048794; 240/051928; 240/057867; 240/059441; 240/059448; 240/059449; 240/059452; 240/059453; 240/059454; 240/059455; 240/059458; 240/05904; 240/083201; 240/088985; 240/089808; 240/100816; 240/100817; 240/107484; 240/107486; 240/107505; 232/1554; 232/1558; 240/23365; 232/2393; 232/2428; 240/25404; 240/47318; 240/49698; 240/53260; 240/54764; 240/54768; 240/54784; 240/54785; 240/61093; 295/7258; 295/7430; 295/7390; 295/7397; 240/84103; 240/89810; 240/93598; 240/059460
- Ādamiyat, Fereydūn; Nāteq, Homā (1356 Š.), Afkār-e Ejtemāi va Siyāsi va Eqtesādi dat Āṭār-e Montašer Našode-ye dorān-e Qajar, Tehran: Āgāh. [In Persian] - Afẓal al-Molk, Ḡolām Hosein (1361 Š.), Afżal al-tawāriḵ, ed. Manṣura Etteḥadiya and Sirus Saʿdvandiān, Tehran, Našr-e Tārīḵ-e Irān. [In Persian] - Alavi, Sayed Abu al-Hasan (1385 Š.), Rajal-e Aṣr-e Mašrūtiyat, ed. Habib Yaḡmāie va Iraj Afšar, Tehran: Asāṭīr. [In Persian] - ʿAyn-al-Salṭana Qahramān Mirzā Sālur, Ruz-nāma-ye ḵāṭerāt-e ʿAyn-al-Salṭana, ed. Masʿud Sālur and Iraj Afšār, 10 vols., Tehran, 1995-2001, p. 5073.Jamālzādeh, Muhammad ʻAli (1362 Š.), Ganĵeh Šāygān, Tehran: Ketāb-e Tehran. [In Persian] - Mosadeq, Muhammad (1364 Š.), Ḵaṭerāt va Tamolāt-e Doktor Muhammad Moṣadeq, ed. Iraj Āfšar, Tehran: Mohammad Ali ʻElmī. [In Persian] - Mosadeq, Muhammad (1304 Š.), Osūl Qavāʻed va Qavānīn dar Mamālek-e Ḵareje va Irān, Tehran: Tamaddon. [In Persian] - Mostofī, ʻAbd allāh (1371 Š.), Šarh-e Zendegāni-ye Man yā Tārīḵ-e Ejtemāee va Edārī-ye dore-ye Qājāriye, Tehran: Zavvār. [In Persian] - Navāb Tehrānī, Mirzā Mahdī (1376 Š.), Dastū al-ʻAqāb, ed. Sayed Ali Āl-e Dāvūd, Tehran: Našr-e Tārīḵ-e Irān.Nezām al-Saltaneh Māfi, Hossein Qoli (1362 Š.), Asnād va Ḵāṭerāt-e Hossein Qoli Ḵān-e Nezām al-Saltaneh Māfi, ed. Maʻsūmeh Māfi, Mansūreh Ettehādieh, Sīrūs Saʻadvandiyān, Hamīd Rāmpīšeh, Tehran: Našr-e Tārīḵ-e Irān. [In Persian]
References in English - Curzon, George Nathaniel (2001), Persia and the Persian Question (1892) London & New York: Longmans, Green, and Co. - Mohammad Jawad Moradineya; Motaleb Motalebi, “Challenges and Impediments to Paying Wages to Troops and Its Impact on the Security of the Kermanshah Province during the Qajar Dynasty,” Journal of Historical Study of War, Vol. 2, No. 2, Summer (2018), pp. 165-180. [In Persian] - Mohammadi, Amin; Samareh Husseini, Marziyeh, “A Survey In Money Orders and Quasi- Money Orders Documents,” Payam-e Baharestan, Vol. 8, No. 26, Autumn and Winter (1394 Š.), pp. 216-258. [In Persian] - Moradinia, Mohammad Javad, “Review of Government Accountability Office after Constitutional Revolution,” Ganjine-ye Asnad, Summer (1394 Š.), No. 98, pp. 32-47. [In Persian] - Qāem Maqāmī, Jahāngīr, “Asnād va Nāmehā-ye Tārīḵī: Gozārešhā-ye Mīrzā Malkom Ḵān Naẓem al- Molk be Vezārat-e Ḵāreje-ye Irān,” Majale-ye Barrasīhā-ye Tārīḵī, Farvardīn va Ordībehešt (1350 Š.), No. 31, pp. 281-330. [In Persian] - Shuster, Morgan (1912), The Strangling of Persia, New York. - Watson, Robert Grant (1866), A History of Persia From the Beginning to the Nineteenth Century to the year 1858, with a review of the principal events that led to the establishment of the kajar dynasty, London: Smith Elder & Co.
Newspapers - Kāva, Engelīsīhā va Jonūb, 8 Mehr 1287, No. 25, pp. 4-6.
Detailed of the Parliamentary Negotiations - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1324, Jalase-ye 1. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1326, Jalase-ye 1. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1326, Jalase-ye 275. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1328, Jalase-ye 53. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1328, Jalase-ye 72. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1328, Jalase-ye 79. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1328, Jalase-ye 88. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1328, Jalase-ye 135. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1329, Jalase-ye 212. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1329, Jalase-ye 214. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1329, Jalase-ye 215. - Mašrūh-e Mozākerāt-e Majles-e Šūrā-ye Melī, doe-ye Avval, 1333, Jalase-ye 25.
| ||
Statistics Article View: 479 PDF Download: 340 |