پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 25 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 941 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,773 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 12,854,123 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 9,152,504 |
ارزیابی تنوع زیستی ژرم‌پلاسم گردوی (Juglans regia L.) استان کرمان | ||
| زیست شناسی کاربردی | ||
| دوره 38، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 83، اسفند 1403 | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22051/jab.2024.47051.1626 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جواد فرخی تولیر* 1؛ بهمن پناهی2 | ||
| 1استادیار .مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، کرمان، ایران، | ||
| 2دانشیار.مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مقدمه: مطالعه به‌منظور شناسایی اولیه تعدادی از ژنوتیپ‌های گردوی برتر استان کرمان انجام گردید. روش‌ها: از بین ژنوتیپ‌های گردوی مناطق بافت و رابُر استان کرمان واقع در ارتفاع از سطح دریای بین 2163 تا 2867 متر، 43 ژنوتیپ توسط 27 صفت مورفولوژیکی و به‌مدت سه سال (1399 تا 1402) بررسی گردیدند. نتایج حاصله براساس آماره‌های توصیفی و چند متغیره مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها: براساس نتایج این پژوهش، تنوع ژنتیکی بین ژنوتیپ‌ها از الگوی پراکنش جغرافیائی تبعیت نمی‌کرد. قدرت رویشی در ژنوتیپ‌های 18، 19 و 22 خیلی قوی بود. میزان جدا شدن مغز در 34 درصد ژنوتیپ‌ها راحت و خیلی راحت بود. میزان محصول در 7 ژنوتیپ خیلی زیاد گزارش گردید. در حدود 16 درصد از ژنوتیپ‌های بررسی‌شده نسبت به سرمای دیررس بهاره حساس بودند و بقیه حساسیت متوسط یا کمی نشان دادند. هیچ علایمی مبنی بر وجود بیماری آنتراکنوز بین ژنوتیپ‌ها گزارش نگردید. بیشترین ضریب تغییرات (CV) به صفت "زمان ریزش گرده گل‌های نر" (32/77%) تعلق داشت. تجزیه به مؤلفه‌های اصلی (PCA) نشان داد که 10 مؤلفه اول مرتبط با صفات کیفی توصیف‌کننده 75 درصد کل تغییرات بودند. براساس دندروگرام، از نقطه نظر صفات کیفی، 4 گروه مجزا ایجاد گردید. نتیجه‌گیری کلی: از آنجائی که صفات مطلوب اصلاحی در گردو که شامل دیربرگ-دهی، زود باردهی و نوع باردهی جانبی می‌باشد، می‌توان گفت که ژنوتیپ‌های 1، 2، 10 و 39 با تمامی این صفات همبستگی مثبتی نشان دادند. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند در انتخاب ژنوتیپ‌های مناسب و به‌کارگیری آن‌ها در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی در آینده مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| برگ‌دهی؛ ژنوتیپ؛ صفات مورفولوژیک؛ عادت باردهی؛ گردو | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Biodiversity assessment of walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm in Kerman province. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Javad Farrokhi Toolir1؛ Bahman Panahi2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor.Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Kerman, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Professor.Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Horticultural Science Research Institute (HSRI), Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background: A study was conducted to initially identify a number of superior walnut genotypes in Kerman province. Methods: Among the walnut genotypes from different regions in Kerman province located at elevations ranging from 2163 to 2867 meters above sea level, 43 genotypes were evaluated for 27 morphological variables over a period of three years (2020 to 2023). The results were evaluated based on descriptive statistics and multivariable analysis; Findings: According to the results of this research, the genetic diversity among genotypes did not follow a geographical distribution pattern. The growth vigor in genotypes 18, 19, and 22 was very strong. The ease of kernel separation was easy or very easy in 34% of genotypes. High yield was reported in 7 genotypes. About 16% of the genotypes were sensitive to late spring frost, while the rest showed medium or low sensitivity. No signs of anthracnose disease were reported among the genotypes. The highest coefficient of variation (CV) belonged to the trait "time of pollen shedding" (77.32%). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first 10 components related to qualitative traits described 75% of the total variation. Based on the dendrogram, 4 distinct groups were created in terms of qualitative traits. Conclusion: Since desirable traits for walnut breeding, such as late leafing, early bearing, and lateral bearing type, are important, it can be said that genotypes 1, 2, 10, and 39 showed positive correlations with all these traits. The results can be used in selecting genotypes for using in future breeding programs | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Leafing, Genotype, Morphorologic traits, Bearing habit, Walnut | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Akḉa, Y., & Ozongun, S. (2004). Selection of late leafing, late flowering, laterally fruitful walnut (Juglans regia. L) types in Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 32(4), 337-342. https://doi.org/10. 1080/ 01140671.2004.9514313 Aliniaahandani, E., Darzi-Ramandi, H., Sarmad, J., Asadi-Samani, M., Yavari, A., & Alinia Ahandani R. (2014). Evaluation of morphological diversity among some Persian Walnut accessions (Juglans regia L.) in Guilan, Northern Iran. International Journal of Plant Biology & Research, 2(3), 1016–1024. Am, A., Zubair, S.J., Abbas, A.M., & Jubrael, J.M. 2016. Genetic diversity among Walnuts (Juglans regia) population in Kurdistan region–Iraq using AFLP-PCR. Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 28, 50-55. Anonymous. (2007). Guidelines for the differentiation and uniformity of walnut (descriptor). Deputy of Research and Identification of Plant Varieties, Ministry of Agriculture Jihad. Pp. 34. Anonymous. (2022). Agricultural Statistics Yearbook. Volume III Horticultural Products. Ministry of Agriculture, Planning and Economic Deputy, Information and Communication Technology Center. Tehran, Iran. No. 25. Pp.163. Arzani, K., Mansouri-Ardakan, H., Vezvaei, A., & Roozban, M. (2008). Morphological variation among Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from central Iran. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 36, 159–168. https:// doi.org/10.1080/01140670809510232 Aslantas R. (2006). Identification of superior walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in north eastern Anatolia, Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 34, 231–237. https:// doi.org /10. 1080/ 01140671. 2006. 9514412 Atefi, J. (2001). Comparison of some promising Iranian walnut clones and foreign varieties. Acta Horticulturae, 544, 51-59. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2001.544.5. Bayazit, S., Kazan, K., Gülbitti, S., Çevik, V., Ayanoğlu, H., & Ergül, A. (2007). AFLP analysis of genetic diversity in low chill requiring walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from Hatay, Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae, 111, 394-8. Bernard, A., Lheureux, F., & Dirlewanger, E. (2018). Walnut: past and future of genetic improvement. Tree Genet Genomes, 2018, 14:1. Cristopoulos, M.V., Rouskas, D., Tsantili, E., & Bebeli, P.J. (2018). Germplasm diversity and genetic relationships among walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars and Greek local selections revealed by Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Scientia Horticulturae, 125,584–92. Ebrahimi, A., Khadivi-Khub, A., Nosrati, Z., & Karimi, R. (2015). Identification of superior walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes with late leafing and high kernel quality in Iran. Scientia Horticulturae, 193, 195–201. https:// dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.06.049 FAOSTAT, (2022). Agriculture data [online]. Available from: http://faostat.fao. Org/site/567/ default.aspx. Farrokhi Toolir, J., & Mozaffari, M.R. (2020). Morphological study of some Persian walnut genotypes and commercial cultivars cultured in Kerman region in southeast of Iran. Agriculture Conspectus Scientificus (ACS), 85 (2), 123-137. Forde, H.I., & Mcgranahan, G.H. (1996). Walnuts. In: Fruit Breeding. Volume III: Nuts. Pordue University Press, 241-273. Ghanadha, M., Zahrawi, M., & Vahdati, K. (2003). Improvement of Garden Plants. Tehran: Dibagaran Publications. (In Persian). Ghanbari, A., Faraji, M., Shokouhian, A., & Pyrayesh, A. (2018). Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in the west of Meshkin-Shahr. Jurnal of Nuts, 9 (1), 57–65. https:// doi.org/10.22034/jon.2018.540866 Gurrieri. F., Audergon, J.M., Albagnac, G., & Reich, M. (2001). Soluble sugars and carboxylic acids in ripe apricot fruit as parameters for distinguishing different cultivars. Euphytica, 117, 183–189. https:// dx.doi.org/ 10.1023/ a: 1026595528044 Hasani, D., Mazafari, M.R., Dehghanshorki, Y., Soleimani, A., & Looni, A. (2013). Morphological and Phenological Traits of Some Local and Exotic Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Cultivars and Genotypes in Iran. Journal of Seed and Plant Breeding, 29 (4), 839-855. (In Persian). Hu, J., Wang, L., & Li, J. (2011). Comparison of genomic SSR and EST-SSR markers for estimating genetic diversity in cucumber. Biology of Plant, 55,577- 580. Jafari-Sayadi, M.H., Marvi-Mohajer, M.R., Mozaffari, J., & Sobhani, H. (2006). Morphological Leaf characteristics of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) in Iranian population. Iranian Journal of forest and poplar research, 14 (1), 1-19. (In Persian). Joolka, N.K., & Sharma, M.K. (2006). Studies on the genetic resources of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in some parts of north western Himalayas. Haryana Journal of Horticulture Sciences, 33(1&2): 6-8. Julian, C., Herrero, M., & Rodrigo, J. (2007). Flower bud drop and preblossom frost damage in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.). Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 81, 21-25. Lashkari, A., Imani, A., & Bigdeli-Mohab, M. (2015). Evaluation of superior genotypes of walnut selection in Ziaabad region, Qazvin using phenomorphological traits. 9th Horticultural Sciences Congress, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran. Pp. 1-10. (In Persian). Mahmoodi, R., Dadpour, M.R., Hassani, H., Zeinalabedini, M., Vendramin, E., Micali, S., & Zaare-Nahandi, F. (2019). Development of a core collection in Iranian walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm using the phenotypic diversity. Scientia Horticulturae, 249, 439 – 448. doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.02.017. Mahmoodi, R., Hassani, D., Amiri, M.E., & Jaffaraghaei, M. (2016). Evaluation of relationship between some factors with late spring frost in a some of varieties and genotypes in walnut. 9th Horticultural science congress, 21-25 Jaunuary, Ahvaz, Iran. Malvolti, M.E., Paciucci, M., Cannata, F., & Fineschi, S. (1994). Genetic variation in Italian populations of Juglans regia L. Acta Horticulturae, 311, 86-94. https:// doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.1993.311.12. Martínez-García, P.J., Crepeau, M.W., Puiu, D., Gonzalez-Ibeas, D., Whalen, J., Stevens, K.A., Paul, P., Butterfield, T.S., Britton, M.T., Reagan, R.L., Chakraborty, S., Walawage, S.L., Vasquez-Gross, H.A., Cardeno, C., Famula, R.A., Pratt, K., Kuruganti, S., Aradhya, M.K., Leslie, C.A., Dandekar, A.M., Salzberg, S.L., Wegrzyn, J.L., Langley, C.H., & Nea, D.B. (2016). The walnut (Juglans regia) genome sequence reveals diversity in genes coding for the biosynthesis of non-structural polyphenols. The Plant Journal, 87, 507–532. doi: 10. 1111/ tpj. 13207. Mitroviḉ, M., Miletic, R., Lukic, M., Blagojevic, M., & Rakicevic, M. (2008). Impact of rootstock on callus formation in walnut grafted in room conditions. Journal of Pomology, 42: 43 - 47. Mohammadi, S.A., & Prasanna, B.M. (2003). Analysis of genetic diversity in crop plants-salient statistical tools and considerations. Crop Science, 43, 1235–1248. https:// doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2003.1235. Mohseniazar, M., &. Vahdati, K. (2018). Morphological Traits Survey of Cluster-Bearing Walnuts Half-Sib Progenies for Selection of Dwarf and Precocious Genotypes. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 19 (3), 293-314 (In Persian). Mojtahed, J. (2016). Walnut Book. Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Department of Horticulture, Office of Dried and Cold Fruits. (In Persian). Mousavi, S.A., Tatari, M., Moradi, H., & Hassani, D. (2015). Evaluation of Genetic Diversity Among the Superior Walnut Genotypes Based on Pomological and Phenological Traits in Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari Province. Seed and plant journal, 31 (2), 365-389 (In Persian). Nikolic, D., Rakonjac, V., Milatovic, V., & Fotiric, M. (2010). Multivariate analysis of vineyard peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.) germplasm collection. Euphytica, 171, 227–234. https:// dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10681-009-0032-3 Noorshah, U., Mir, J.I., Ahmed, N., & Fazli, K.M. (2018). Assessment of germplasm diversity and genetic relationships among walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes through microsatellite markers. Journal of Saudi Sociaty Agriculture Science, 17, 339–350. https:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2016.07.005 Pop, I.L., Vicol, A.C., Botu, M., Raica, P.A., Vahdati, K., & Pamfi, D. (2013). Relationships of walnut cultivars in a germplasm collection: comparative analysis of phenotypic and molecular data. Scientia Horticulturae, 153, 124–135. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.02.013 Raghavan, M., & Ajmal, K.K. (2023). Walnut (Juglans regia L.): Morphology and biology for crop diversification. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 12(7), 3620-3623. Rasouli, M., & Ershadi, B. (2019). Study on genetic diversity of 33 walnut genotypes (Juglans regia) using morphological and pomological markers for introducing of superior genotypes. Pomology research, 3 (2), 27-39. (In Persian). Rezaei, Z., Khadivi, A., ValizadehKaji, B., & Abbasifar, A. (2018). The selection of superior walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes as revealed by morphological characterization. Euphytica, 214, 69. https:// doi.org/ 10.1007/ s10681-018-2153-z. Saadat. Y.A., & Zandi, P. (2009). The effect of harvest date on the characteristics of pistachio nuts in Estahban, Fars. Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 10, 275-284. (In Persian). Sabeti H. (1994). Trees and Shrubs of Iran. Yazd University Publications. (In Persian). Shafaei, Z., & Arzani, K. (2016). Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of some walnut cultivars in Kermanshah province. Seed and Plant Nursery Journal, 22 (4), 437-459. (In Persian). Sharma, R.M., Kiran, K., Brijeshwar, S., Sangita, Y., Neeraj, K., Jai-Chand, R., & Rajneesh, A. (2014). Selection and characterization of elite walnut (Juglans regia L.) clone from seedling origin trees in North Western Himalayan region of India. Agriculturtal Journal of Crop Science, 8 (2), 257-262. Sugiura, T., Yoshida, M., Magoshi, J., & Ono, S. (2005). Changes in water of peach flower buds during endodormancy and ecodormancy measured by differential scanning calorimetry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Journal of the American Society for Horticulture Science, 120,134-138. Vezvaei, A., Vahdati, K., & Tajabadi, A. (2003). Guide to Walnut, Pistachio, and Almond Tree Assessment. Khaniran Publications. (In Persian). Ward, J.H. (1963). Hierarchical Grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of American Statistics Association, 58: 236-244. Zeneli, G., Kola, H., & Dida, M. (2005). Phenotypic variation in native walnut populations of northern Albania. Scientia Horticulturae, 105, 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sci. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 12 |
||