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مروری سیستماتیک بر پژوهش های آشفتگی زناشویی سیطره پوزیتیویسم و غیبت مسائل جنسیتی | ||
| مطالعات اجتماعی روان شناختی زنان | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 16، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 57، دی 1397، صفحه 149-194 اصل مقاله (1.03 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22051/jwsps.2019.21886.1809 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| پریسا جانجانی1؛ خدامراد مومنی* 2؛ نادر امیری3؛ الساندرا سیمونلی4؛ آسیه مردای2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، | ||
| 2گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
| 3گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
| 4گروه روانشناسی رشد و اجتماعی، دانشگاه پادوا، پادوا، ایتالیا | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اخیراً موضوع آشفتگی زناشویی به عنوان یکی از عاملهای ختم شونده به طلاق مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. نتایج مطالعات نشان میدهد در هر لحظه 20% جمعیت در معرض آشفتگی زناشویی هستند. لذا به نظر میرسد شناسایی عوامل پیشبینیکننده آشفتگی زناشویی و توجه به مسائل جنسیتی جهت هر گونه اقدامات پیشگیری کننده ضروری است؛ بنابراین مرور سیستماتیک حاضر، با هدف شناسایی عوامل پیشبینیکننده آشفتگی زناشویی در پژوهشهای مورد نـظر و چـگونـگی توجه آنها به مسائل جنسیتـی انجام شـده‌اسـت. قلمرو این مرور، پـژوهشهای انجام شـده طی سال‌های 2018-1981 بوده و جستجو در پایگاههای اطلاعاتی با استفاده ازکلید واژهMarital distress, Men, Women, Couple و معادل فارسی آنها انجام شده است. نتایج این مرور متون نشان داده که مطالعات به ترتیب عوامل فردی 2/52 % و بین فردی7/21% ، اجتماعی- فرهنگی13% ، فردی و بین فردی7/8% ، فردی و اجتماعی –فرهنگی3/4 % را پیشبینیکننده آشفتگی زناشویی میدانند. دیگر نتایج این مطالعه حاکی از آن است که آشفتگی زناشویی در 86% مطالعات با روش کمی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و60% مطالعات، مبنای تئوریکی مشخصی درنظر نگرفتهاند. فراتر از چنین ویژگی‌هایی، به نظر میرسد نگاه محققان در بیشتر مطالعات انجام شده، مبتنی بر نظرگاهی پوزیتیویستی از روانشناسی و روانشناسی اجتماعی بوده است و جای خالی رویکردهایی غیر پوزیتیویستی برای تحلیل چنین موضوعی احساس می‌شود. تحلیلهایی که مفاهیمی همانند« توالی تعاملی در روابط زناشویی»، «جهان ادراکی زوجین»، «همدلی هیجانی» و «مسائل جنسیتی» را به میان آورند. این چنین رویکردهایی در کنار رویکردهای پوزیتیویستی میتوانند به غنای تحلیلی «پژوهشهای آشفتگی زناشویی» مدد رسانند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مرور سیستماتیک؛ آشفتگی زناشویی؛ سیطره پوزیتویسم؛ مسائل جنسیتی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Systematic Review of Studies on Marital Distress The dominance of positivism and the absence of gender-related problems | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Parisa Janjani1؛ Khodamorad Momeni2؛ Nader Amiri3؛ Alessandra Simonelli4؛ Asie Moradi2 | ||
| 1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Psychology,Faculty of Social Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Sociology,Faculty of Social Sciences,Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Recently, marital distress has been considered as one of the common factors that lead to divorce. Results of the studies have indicated that 20% of the population are at risk of marital distress at any moment. Therefore, it seems necessary to identify the predictors of marital distress and consider the gender-related problems for developing preventive measures. Consequently, this systematic review was conducted to determine the predictors of marital distress identified in the studies as well as the approach that these studies had towards gender-related problems. The scope of this review included studies that were carried out during the 1981-2018 period. Keywords such as Marital Distress, Men, Women, Couples and their Persian equivalents were used in searching the databases. The results of the present study showed that the reviewed studies have considered the individual factors 52.2% (Especially in the United States), interpersonal 21.7% (especially European and Asian countries), socio-cultural 13%, individual and interpersonal 8%, and individual and Socio-cultural factors 4.3% as predictors of marital distress. Moreover, the findings showed 86% of reviewed studies had been carried out based on quantitative approaches and 60% of the studies had not considered a theoretical basis. In addition, it seems that in most of the reviewed studies the researchers’ viewpoint were based on a positivist perspective of psychology and social psychology. Therefore, it is apparent that there is a lack of non-positivist concepts for analyzing this issue; analyses which would bring the concepts of "interaction sequence in marital relation", "couples’ perceptual world," "emotional empathy" and "gender-related issues" to the forefront. These approaches along with the positivist approaches can help enhance analytical richness of "marital distress studies." | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Systematic Review, Marital distress, Dominance of positivism, Gender-related problems | ||
| مراجع | ||
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